But can these supplements, which are easily available online in capsule or powder form and widely promoted on social media, really help with weight loss?
Consultant gastroenterologist and hepatologist Dr Deborah Chew Chia Hsin said while probiotics can influence gut microbiota, which plays a role in metabolism and fat digestion, their effect on weight loss has not been clearly proven.
Studies have shown that individuals with excess weight, obesity and diabetes often experience a condition known as gut dysbiosis, where there is a lack of healthy gut microbiota. In such cases, there is a higher percentage of harmful bacteria versus beneficial bacteria.
“In general, a healthy gut should have more beneficial bacteria than harmful bacteria. However, the question remains: does this imbalance cause obesity, or does obesity itself lead to microbiota imbalance? This is still under discussion among researchers,” Chew said.
According to her, several studies have explored the role of probiotics in managing obesity and weight loss, but the results have been mixed. Some findings found no significant benefits from probiotic supplements, while others reported slight to moderate benefits in helping with weight loss.
She added that probiotics are only effective if they contain the right bacterial strains, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and are stored properly.
“Probiotics contain live bacteria, which might not survive if they are stored at above 25°C. When this happens, those who take the probiotics may not experience the expected benefits,” she said, stressing that it is important to consume the recommended dosage to avoid side effects like bloating.
Meanwhile, dietitian Jazlina Syahrul said while probiotics have the potential to support metabolism and gut microbiota balance, they are not a primary solution or a shortcut for weight loss.
She said some studies suggest a link between gut microbiota and metabolism, appetite and fat storage, indicating that maintaining a balance of good bacteria in the gut may support weight loss; but more extensive research is needed to confirm the effectiveness of probiotics in this area.
“Overall, probiotics may contribute to weight loss, but their effect is minimal and slower compared to lifestyle interventions like diet and exercise. While there is some early evidence, probiotics are not a ‘magic pill’ for weight loss. They serve as additional support, rather than a substitute for a balanced diet and consistent exercise.”
Jazlina thus advises individuals to evaluate other factors such as calorie intake, eating patterns, exercise optimisation and sufficient sleep if their weight-loss efforts have not been successful.