Experts say patients can be saved if they receive emergency treatment immediately, but death could occur if the victim is in the bathroom because of the risk of falling, which could lead to injuries such as head trauma.
A stroke may also result in the person being unable to move or call for help, preventing them from leaving the bathroom and worsening their condition.
Despite these risks, experts note that strokes in the bathroom account for only 4% of total reported cases.
Hospital Kuala Lumpur neurologist Dr Ahmad Shahir Mawardi explained that stroke is a health condition caused by a blockage in the vessels that supply blood to the brain. This prevents the affected part of the brain from receiving sufficient oxygen, leading to the death of brain cells.
“A stroke can occur when blood flow to the brain is disrupted, depriving brain cells of oxygen and nutrients, ultimately causing brain damage within minutes,” he told Bernama.
He said individuals with risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, heart disease and obesity, as well as unhealthy habits, are more susceptible to stroke.
Elaborating on why strokes often occur in the bathroom, Ahmad Shahir said most people visit the bathroom after waking up in the morning, when blood pressure is usually higher.
“This increases the risk of stroke, especially among those who are already vulnerable,” he said, explaining that bathing with hot water could cause vessels to expand, leading to a sudden drop in blood pressure, which may reduce blood flow to the brain.
Another risk factor for a bathroom stroke is bathing in cold water, which might cause vessels to constrict suddenly, increasing blood pressure and the risk of a vessel rupture in the brain – a condition known as haemorrhagic stroke.
As a preventive measure, Ahmad Shahir advises people to bathe with lukewarm water and avoid water that is too hot or cold.
The neurologist added that strokes could also occur in the bathroom owing to sudden changes in posture, such as standing up too quickly after sitting or squatting for an extended period.
This, he explained, could cause a sudden drop in blood pressure, reducing oxygen supply to the brain and triggering a stroke. He advises individuals to stand up slowly from a squatting or sitting position.
Furthermore, Ahmad Shahir cautioned that stroke could be triggered if a person strains while passing stool, especially if he or she is constipated.
This is because straining too hard increases pressure in the chest cavity, disrupting blood flow to the brain and potentially triggering a stroke, especially in individuals with high blood pressure or heart problems.
“So, be extra cautious in the bathroom and inform family members if you feel dizzy or weak,” he advises those with existing health issues.
Ahmad Shahir concluded that while strokes cannot be entirely predicted or prevented, certain steps can be taken to reduce the risks. These include avoiding smoking and alcohol, maintaining healthy blood pressure, and keeping cholesterol levels in check.