The share of adolescents who report high levels of family support has fallen from 73% in 2018 to 67% in 2022, with the drop even more pronounced among girls, from 72% to 64%, WHO Europe said.
Youths also increasingly report school pressure, it added.
In 2022, almost two-thirds of 15-year-old girls, or 63%, said they felt pressured by schoolwork – up from 54% in 2018 – compared to 43% of boys, up from 40%.
“Adolescents today are facing unprecedented challenges in their social environments, from declining support at home to increasing pressure at school, with potentially long-term consequences for their health and life prospects,” WHO Europe regional director Hans Kluge said in a statement.
Teens who report high levels of family support – more likely to be found in more affluent families – often have better mental health than those who report limited or nonexistent support, WHO said.
The report also found that youths’ peer support had declined, falling from 61% to 58%, and was most pronounced among girls, dropping from 67% to 62%.
“Girls are often caught between competing expectations of academic excellence and traditional social roles, while boys may face pressure to appear strong and self-reliant, discouraging them from seeking necessary support,” one of the authors of the report, Irene García-Moya, said in the statement.
WHO said action was needed to support teens, taking into account “significant gender disparities”. School environments should be made more inclusive by reducing class sizes, implementing mentorship programmes, and integrating social-emotional learning into the curriculum, it outlined.
The global health authority added that schools must tackle rising stress levels with balanced homework policies, study skills support, and regular student-teacher check-ins.
Governments should also implement targeted financial support for low-income families and invest in parenting programmes to help parents support their children, particularly teenage girls.
The study surveyed almost 280,000 young people aged 11, 13 and 15 in 44 countries in Europe, Canada and Central Asia.