Diarrhoea, characterised by loose stools, is a common problem. In Malaysia, it is one of the top health issues that affect children under the age of five.

Our country’s hot and humid climate, combined with its diverse food culture, can contribute to the prevalence of this condition. While diarrhoea is often inconvenient and unpleasant, the good news is that in most cases, it’s usually not serious.

Diarrhoea can be caused by several factors:

• bacterial or viral infections;
• food poisoning, i.e. consuming contaminated food;
• certain medications that lead to diarrhoea as a side effect;
• irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a chronic condition that affects the intestines.

Here are some simple steps to reduce your risk of diarrhoea:

• Maintain good hygiene by washing your hands thoroughly with
• soap and water before eating and after using the toilet.
• Ensure food is cooked thoroughly and stored properly. Avoid raw or undercooked meat, poultry, seafood and eggs.
• Drink clean, boiled water. Go for bottled water where possible.
• Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before consuming
• Stick with a balanced diet with plenty of fibre to help regulate bowel movements.

Managing diarrhoea

According to Dr Fazlisham Ghazali, a general practitioner from a medical centre in Melaka, the condition can be managed by adhering to the following:

• Ensure constant hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
• Make dietary adjustments as necessary, for example by opting for bland foods such as toast, rice and bananas, and avoiding spicy, greasy or fatty foods.
• Seek professional help if diarrhoea is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms such as fever or blood in the stool.

The role of probiotics

Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that support gut health. Research has shown that certain probiotics can prevent and reduce the severity of diarrhoea.

One large-scale study on the incidence of acute diarrhoea conducted by the National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases in Kolkata, India showed that daily intake of drinks such as Yakult can be effective in reducing the incidence of the condition in young children.

By following these tips and incorporating probiotics into your diet, you can significantly reduce your risk of diarrhoea and enjoy a healthier gut.