US district judge Richard Stearns in Boston imposed the deadline after a lawyer for the administration earlier this week apologised for having violated a court order that should have prevented 19-year-old Any Lucia Lopez Belloza from being sent to Honduras.
Lopez Belloza is a Honduran national who was brought to the US by her mother when she was 8 while seeking asylum.
She has said she was unaware she was subject to a removal order.
“There is happily no one-size-fits-all solution for seeing that justice be done in what all agree was an amalgam of errors that ended badly for Any,” Stearns said.
He said the “simplest solution” would be for the US state department to issue her a student visa.
The alternative, he said, would be for him to order President Donald Trump’s administration to arrange for Lopez Belloza’s return, with a threat of holding the government in contempt if it refused.
He gave the administration 21 days to inform him of how it will proceed.
Todd Pomerleau, her lawyer, in an email welcomed the ruling, saying it will help him negotiate with the government “to come up with a solution to bring Any to the US in the near future”.
The justice department declined to comment.
Lopez Belloza, a freshman at Babson College in Massachusetts, was arrested on Nov 20 while at Boston’s airport preparing to travel home to Texas to surprise her family for Thanksgiving.
Her lawyer the next day sued in Massachusetts to challenge her detention, and a judge issued an order on Nov 21 barring Lopez Belloza from being deported or transferred out of the state for 72 hours.
However, by that time, Lopez Belloza had already been moved to Texas.
She was sent to Honduras on Nov 22 and remains there with her grandparents.
Stearns, who was appointed by Democratic president Bill Clinton, on Friday said because she was outside of Massachusetts by the time her lawyer sued, he lacked jurisdiction to hear her overall case going forward.
However, he said the government retained the ability to remedy the “tragic (and preventable) mistake” of violating the court’s order.
A lawyer for the government on Tuesday apologised for what he said was a “mistake” by an officer with Immigration and Customs Enforcement who failed to properly flag it because he thought it no longer applied as she was out of Massachusetts.