With Russia’s invasion in its tenth month, EU leaders agreed on Thursday to provide €18 billion in financing to Ukraine next year and hit Moscow with a ninth package of sanctions.

The measures designate nearly 200 more people and bar investment in Russia’s mining industry, among other steps.

“Our joint determination to support Ukraine politically, financially, militarily, and in the humanitarian area for as long as necessary remains unbroken,” German chancellor Olaf Scholz said after talks among the 27 national EU leaders in Brussels.

Tens of thousands of people have been killed, millions more displaced, and cities reduced to rubble since Russia invaded Ukraine on Feb 24 in a “special military operation,” saying it needed to protect Russian speakers from Ukrainian nationalists.

Ukraine and its allies call it an unprovoked war of aggression.

In Washington, the US military announced it will expand training in Germany of Ukrainian military personnel. From January, 500 troops a month will be trained, building on more than 15,000 Ukrainians trained by the US and its allies since April.

The programme is on top of those to teach Ukrainians to operate billions of dollars’ worth of specialised Western military equipment that the US and its Nato allies have provided.

Pentagon spokesman Brigadier General Patrick Ryder said the instruction would focus on joint manoeuvre and combined arms operations, referring to attacking an enemy with multiple capabilities at once.

Ukrainian defence minister Oleksiy Reznikov said in remarks published in the Guardian on Thursday that his country stood to gain an advantage over Russia from having its troops trained by the West.

Kremlin says weapons are targets

Ukraine has repeatedly urged its allies to send it more air defences to protect it from heavy Russian missile bombardment including against its energy infrastructure.

Russia has fired barrages of missiles on Ukraine’s energy infrastructure since October, disrupting power supplies and leaving people without heating in freezing winter conditions.

Earlier this week, Reuters reported that the US is finalising plans to offer Ukraine the Patriot missile defence system – one of the most advanced systems, and one which could require months of training.

The Kremlin said the US was getting “deeper and deeper into the conflict in the post-Soviet republic,” and that US Patriot systems would be legitimate targets, something that Russia’s foreign ministry said on Thursday applied to all weapons supplied to Ukraine by the West.

New offensive by Moscow

Reznikov said that evidence was mounting that Russia, which has suffered a series of battlefield losses, is planning a broad new offensive. He speculated this could occur in February when half of the 300,000 troops conscripted by Russia in October to support the Ukraine war would complete training.

“The second part of the mobilisation, 150,000 approximately, do a minimum of three months to prepare. It means they are trying to start the next wave of the offensive probably in February, like last year. That’s their plan,” Reznikov told the Guardian.

Both sides have ruled out a Christmas truce and there are currently no talks aimed at ending the conflict, Europe’s largest since World War II.

Moscow’s new offensive could happen as soon as January but more likely in the spring, the Economist reported on Thursday, saying the assessment came from Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky, General Valery Zaluzhniy, and General Oleksandr Syrskiy in recent interviews.

The push could be launched from the eastern Donbas area, the south or the neighbouring country of Belarus, and Russia could make a second attempt to capture the capital Kyiv, which it failed to do early in the invasion, the magazine cited the officials as saying.

Washington’s acceleration in training of Ukraine’s forces could help its military contend with any intensification in fighting in coming months.

On the ground, Russian shelling killed two people in the centre of Kherson, the southern city liberated by Ukraine last month, said Kyrylo Tymoshenko, deputy head of the president’s office.

The shelling also knocked out the city’s electricity, officials said.

In his nightly video address, Zelensky said Russian forces had shelled Kherson more than 16 times on Thursday alone – and were continuing what he called a brutal large-scale offensive in the eastern Donbas region.

Ukraine’s military General Staff said Russia’s main focus remained on the eastern cities of Bakhmut and Avdiivka, but that it was also trying to get a stronger foothold in the southern region of Zaporizhzhia.

Reuters was unable to immediately verify the battlefield accounts.