Senators supported the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), an annual must-pass bill setting policy for the Pentagon, by an overwhelming 83-11 bipartisan majority.
The ‘no’ votes came from a mix of liberals who object to the ever-rising military budget and fiscal conservatives who want tighter controls on spending.
With the House of Representatives having passed the measure last week, the NDAA next heads to the White House, where Biden is expected to quickly sign it into law.
The fiscal 2023 NDAA authorises US$858 billion in military spending and includes a 4.6% pay increase for the troops, funding for purchases of weapons, ships and aircraft, and support for Taiwan as it faces aggression from China and for Ukraine as it fights an invasion by Russia.
The vote meant Congress has passed the NDAA every year since 1961.
“This is the most important bill we do every year,” said Senator James Inhofe, the top Republican on the Senate Armed Services Committee, in a statement.
This year’s NDAA is named for Inhofe, who is retiring from the Senate.
Aid for Taiwan, Ukraine, and judges
Because it is one of the few major bills that always passes, lawmakers use the NDAA as a vehicle for a range of initiatives.
This year’s measure, which came after months of negotiations between Democrats and Republicans in the House and Senate, includes state department authorisation and legislation that will allow US Supreme Court justices and federal judges to shield their personal information from being viewed online.
The fiscal 2023 NDAA includes a provision demanded by many Republicans – and opposed by many Democrats – requiring the secretary of defence to rescind a mandate requiring that members of the armed forces be vaccinated against Covid-19.
A bid to amend the bill to award back pay and reinstate troops who refused the vaccine failed.
The bill provides Ukraine at least US$800 million in additional security assistance next year and includes a range of provisions to strengthen Taiwan amid tensions with China, including billions of dollars in security assistance and fast-tracked weapons procurement for Taiwan.
The bill authorises more funds to develop hypersonic weapons, close the Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility in Hawaii, and purchase weapons systems including Lockheed Martin Corp’s F-35 fighter jets and ships made by General Dynamics.
The NDAA is not the final word on spending. Authorisation bills create programmes but Congress must pass appropriations bills to give the government legal authority to spend federal money.
A bill to fund the government through Sept 30, 2023 – the end of the fiscal year – is expected to pass Congress next week.