Race stewards turned down the Italian team’s request for penalty-free repairs because they said they were obliged to apply the regulations as written.

“The stewards note that if they had the authority to grant a derogation in what they consider in this case to be mitigating, unusual, and unfortunate circumstances, they would have done so,” they said.

“However the regulations do not allow such action.”

The governing FIA’s technical delegate reported that the Ferrari’s survival cell, engine, energy store, and control electronics were all damaged beyond repair.

Drivers are allowed two energy stores for the season and Spaniard Sainz will now be on his third, triggering an automatic 10-place penalty.

Ferrari boss Fred Vasseur said the incident was “unacceptable”.

“I think it’s tough for a team to arrive in Vegas and to have this kind of incident,” he said.

First practice lasted only eight minutes before Sainz’s Ferrari hit the drain cover in a storm of sparks. A second session eventually started at 2.30am local time today after safety checks.

McLaren boss Zak Brown sympathised with Ferrari and said he would have supported a waiver.

“You’ve got to say that’s force majeure, that’s nothing of their own doing,” he told Sky Sports television. “A very unfortunate and unique incident. I was a bit surprised to see that.

“I think we need to be a bit more supporting if something like that happens. I would support them not getting a penalty.”