If AI is not mastered, the values and morals embedded in it will be determined by those who control the technology, particularly from western countries, he said.

“If we do not master AI and digital transformation, we will lose out because in all areas of government management, defence, police, immigration, private sector, and agriculture, AI will dominate,” he said.

Anwar said he had raised with Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella the possibility of local values, religion, culture and morals being shaped by AI from western countries. Satya responded that it was up to Malaysians themselves to master AI technology according to the country’s norms and environment.

“In the past, there were those who opposed the use of computers because of pornography, but we found it difficult not to (accept the technology),” he said.

He said interest in mathematics and science among young Malays has dwindled. AI mastery cannot be achieved if the people do not have basic mathematics and science skills, he said.