But despite how common they are, falls are often underestimated, with many individuals only seeking medical attention once symptoms have worsened.
Consultant emergency physician Dr Cyrus Lai has witnessed numerous cases where patients initially appeared unharmed but were later found to have critical internal injuries.
“We have had patients walk in after a fall, talking and moving normally, only for scans to reveal serious internal injuries such as bleeding in the brain or abdomen,” he said.
“Just because there is no broken bone, it doesn’t mean there is no problem. Some injuries, particularly in the head or abdomen, might not show symptoms immediately.”
He added that falls rarely occur due to a single cause; instead, they typically stem from a combination of environmental, lifestyle and medical factors.
Most incidents occur at home, especially in bathrooms and staircases, where wet or uneven surfaces make slipping more likely.
Underlying health issues such as poor vision, osteoporosis, or low blood pressure can further heighten susceptibility, particularly when combined with medications that cause dizziness or instability.
Even a minor bump to the head can result in internal bleeding within the brain, potentially leading to loss of consciousness and, in severe cases, long-term complications that affect a person’s physical, cognitive and emotional functions.
In severe cases, traumatic brain injury may also increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy – a progressive brain disease caused by repeated trauma.
Elderly more vulnerable
While falls can affect people of all ages, their consequences are often most severe among the elderly. A single fall could lead to hip fractures that often require surgical procedures to restore mobility and quality of life.
The concern is further amplified by projections that hip-fracture cases in Malaysia will rise 3.5 times by 2050, from around 6,000 cases currently to over 21,000.
For elderly patients with hip fractures, a total hip replacement is often the most effective course of treatment. It not only repairs the trauma but also helps them return to daily activities with less pain and better function.
Given these risks, Lai stresses that seeking medical attention immediately after a fall can make a crucial difference in recovery. He also warned against relying on home remedies after a fall.
“It is a common misconception that drinking something sweet may make a person feel better temporarily, but it does not treat any injury,” said Lai.
He added that applying ointments or massaging bruised areas right after a fall can actually worsen swelling or bleeding. Instead, he advises resting, applying ice, and getting checked if pain or swelling persists.
Ultimately, Lai emphasises that timely responses can make all the difference. Recovery becomes more difficult the longer patients wait, while early assessment allows for hidden injuries to be identified and patients stabilised before complications set in.