Sunlight damages the epidermal cells and melanocytes as well as results in the temporary loss of Langerhans cells caused by ultraviolet light on the cells’ proteins and nucleoproteins.
The amount of UV radiation depends on the angle and latitude of the sun. One is at greater risk when the sun’s position is directly above them.
The sun radiates three types of ultraviolet light wavelengths – UVC, UVB and UVA. UVC does not reach the earth as it is absorbed by the ozone layer.
UVA and UVB however, pass through the atmosphere and reaches your skin’s epidermis and dermis layers.
This ultraviolet radiation influences the condition of the skin which leads to premature ageing, wrinkles, eye damage and skin cancer.
The degree of sunburn you suffer depends on your skin type, the intensity of the sun, and the duration of your exposure to the sun.
What to do when skin starts peeling
Too much exposure to the sun will cause skin to peel as this is the natural process of healing. Skin will usually start to peel a few days later and this will last for the next few days.
Skin will stop peeling only when it is fully recovered. One of the ways to treat peeling skin is by drinking large quantities of water as the rehydration helps the skin heal faster.
You can also apply moisturisers containing aloe vera or use plain petroleum jelly.
Taking a warm bath may also help loosen dead skin cells. Remember to be gentle because new skin is always more delicate and soft.
Another way to treat peeling skin is by using a cold compress. Put a cool and wet compress on the area where your skin is peeling for about 20 to 30 minutes to relieve the inflammation.
Do not apply ice directly to your skin as this may cause further irritation.
Cover areas of your body where the skin is peeling with light clothing or use a sunscreen lotion of SPF 45 or higher to avoid additional damage to the affected area.
If your skin is peeling badly, apply a moisturiser that contains a small amount of alpha hydroxy acid. This will help shed the dead skin cells without compromising new skin cells.
Prevention is better than cure
To prevent future incidents of sunburn, avoid exposing skin directly to sun rays especially when the sun is at its hottest. If you must go out, wear sun-protective clothing.
Apply a sunscreen lotion with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 30 or higher, 30 minutes before going out. It will protect your skin from UVA and UVB radiation.
Use a hat and sunglasses to protect your skin and eyes from damage.
This article first appeared in hellodoktor.com and was reviewed by The Hello Doktor Medical Panel. The Hello Health Group does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.