Here we round up ten facts about breastfeeding and how it can benefit both mother and baby.
- The WHO states that breast milk is the ideal food for newborns and infants, providing all the nutrients they need for healthy development, including antibodies that help protect infants from common childhood illnesses such as diarrhoea and pneumonia, the two primary causes of child mortality worldwide.
- Only about 36% of infants aged 0-6 months worldwide were exclusively breastfed over the period of 2007-2014. The lives of over 820,000 children could be saved every year among children under 5 years if all children 0-23 months were optimally breastfed.
- WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding starting within one hour after birth until a baby is 6 months old to promote health.
- Skin-to-skin contact along with suckling at the breast both help to stimulate the production of breastmilk, including colostrum, also called the baby’s ‘first vaccine,’ which is extremely rich in nutrients and antibodies.
- To meet the growing needs of babies at 6 months of age, parents can introduce nutritionally-adequate and safe complementary foods while continuing to breastfeed up to 2 years of age or beyond.
- Breast milk can provide half or more of a child’s energy needs between the ages of 6 and 12 months, and one-third of energy needs between 12 and 24 months. It is also a critical source of energy and nutrients during illness.
- Breastfeeding also helps boost health later in life, with teens and adults who were breastfed less likely to be overweight or obese and less likely to have type 2 diabetes. It is also associated with better school attendance, better performance in intelligence tests, and higher income in adult life.
- Exclusive breastfeeding can also benefit moms, reducing the risks of breast and ovarian cancer, type II diabetes, and postpartum depression.
- Due to its hormonal effect breastfeeding is also associated with a natural (though not fail-safe) method of birth control known as the Lactation Amenorrhea Method, which gives 98% protection in the first six months after birth and can help space pregnancies.
- For infants born to HIV-infected mothers, antiretroviral drugs are now available to allow these children to exclusively breastfeed until they are 6 months old and continue breastfeeding until at least 12 months of age with a significantly reduced risk of HIV transmission.