Indonesia reclaimed the rank this year as gross national income per capita climbed to US$4,580, based on the bank’s latest classifications. It’s an improvement from the previous reading of US$4,140, which had kept it in the lower-middle income status for the second straight year in 2022.

“Indonesia continued its strong post-pandemic recovery and real GDP increased 5.3%,” the World Bank noted. The nation’s 2022 gross domestic product expanded at its fastest pace in nine years.

Southeast Asia’s largest economy first gained the upper-middle income status in 2020, only to be downgraded the following year as it suffered one of the world’s worst coronavirus outbreaks.

The nation’s gradual reopening last year saw consumption and employment beginning to recover, while a global commodities boom allowed exports to act as an additional pillar of growth.

The latest rankings should bolster Indonesia’s ambition to become a high-income country by 2045, the centerpiece of outgoing President Joko Widodo’s economic platform.

Jokowi, as the leader is known, had pushed for social aid, inflation control, and the resumption of public activities to reinvigorate the domestic economy post the pandemic.