The White House is also launching an effort, dubbed the American Battery Material Initiative, to strengthen critical mineral supply chains as automakers race to expand US electric vehicle and battery production.
Albemarle Corp and Piedmont Lithium Inc are among the 20 manufacturing and processing companies in at least 12 states winning US energy department grants that will use funds to develop enough battery-grade lithium, graphite and nickel and the first large-scale, US commercial lithium electrolyte salt production facility.
The projects include “retrofitted, and expanded commercial-scale domestic facilities to produce battery materials, processing, cell components, and battery recycling and demonstrations,” the White House official said.
Funds will also be used to develop an electrode binder facility capable of supplying 45% of the anticipated US demand for binders for EV batteries in 2030, the first commercial scale US silicon oxide production facilities to supply anode materials and first US lithium iron phosphate cathode facility.
The supply-chain effort, led by a White House steering committee and coordinated by the department of energy with support from the interior department, aims to “mobilise the entire government in securing a reliable and sustainable supply of critical minerals used for power, electricity, and electric vehicles,” the White House said.
By 2030, President Joe Biden wants 50% of all new vehicles sold to be electric or plug-in hybrid electric models along with 500,000 new EV charging stations. He has not endorsed the phasing-out of new gasoline-powered vehicle sales by 2030.
Legislation Biden signed in August sets new strict battery component and sourcing requirements for US$7,500 consumer EV tax credits. A separate US$1 trillion infrastructure law signed in November 2021 allocates US$7 billion to ensure US manufacturers can access critical minerals and other necessary components to manufacture the batteries.
The White House said in a fact sheet the US and allies do not produce enough of the critical minerals and materials used in EV batteries.
It said: “China currently controls much of the critical mineral supply chain and the lack of mining, processing, and recycling capacity in the US could hinder electric vehicle development and adoption, leaving the US dependent on unreliable foreign supply chains.”
In March, Biden invoked the Defense Production Act to support the production and processing of minerals and materials used for EV batteries.