The verdict upheld a decision by a lower court that ordered Twitter to provide details on the number, nationality, localisation, and spoken language of people it employs to moderate content on the French version of the platform.

The decision also includes the obligation for Twitter to disclose any contractual, administrative, commercial and technical documents that would help determine the financial and human means it has put in place to fight hate speech online in France.

Tech firms have been accused of doing too little to address online abuse.

Last May, Britain said a planned new law would see social media companies fined up to 10% of turnover or £18 million if they failed to stamp out online abuses such as racist hate crimes, while senior managers could face criminal action.